Animal testing involves the use of animals in experimentation. It has been used in the cosmetics industry to examine the safety and allergy characteristics of cosmetics products. Animals are used as comparable living beings to humans.
Animal testing can be done with the finished product or just with some of the ingredients. The test subjects have most commonly been rabbits, mice, rats, and different types of primates. Sometimes the products are applied to the nose, eyes or years of the test subject to observe the effects. Allergic and other reactions are monitored to ensure that the product will not be harmful to humans.
Major public outcry was voiced after details about such experiments were revealed to the mass media. Many right groups and animal activists have taken the cause to stop all animal testing and experimentation globally. So far those have been most successful in Europe as most of the member countries in the European Union have already banned animal testing.
An interesting dilemma exists for cosmetic manufacturers. On one hand, they are legally bound to prove that their products are not toxic or hazardous to human health. They must also show that he ingredients are not dangerous when transported into big quantities and when kept in storage or in manufacturing. On the other hand, they have to prove to their customers that the products are not animal tested to fight the negative backlash in the media and public.
Countries like Japan and the United States have been consistently criticized by activists for still enforcing very strict regulations that require the use of animals for testing. The European Union approved a plan for the phasing out of animal testing on the territories of all it members in 2002. This has been met negatively by big cosmetic producing nations such as France, Italy, Germany, Belgium and Switzerland. Cases have been opened in the European Court of Justice. Time will tell how the issue will be resolved.
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